Process of producing papers.



W. H. HOWES.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING PAPERS.

APPLICATION rum) SEPT.12,1907.

Patented Mar. 21, 1911.

INVENTOR fim NEYS.

"WITNESSES: 0-

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIS H. HOWES, OF WATERTOWN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO KNOWLTON BROTHERS,

A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING PAPERS.

Continuation of applications Serial Nos. 313,859 and 313,860, both filed April 26, 1906.

filed September 12, 1907.

This invention relates to an improved process of making paper, and to the improved product resulting therefrom, and the object in view is the production of a marked and decorated safety paper which is particularly designed to disclose alterations.

With this and further objects in view, the

the process and the novel product, as will be hereinafter fully set forth and claimed.

In the preferred form of the process and product the paper is made of three separate webs of paper pulp. One of these webs is marked with distinguishing marks of any desired character, such as a water mark or any other mark that may be used for any purpose, for example, to indicate the person or company using the paper. The second web is perforated with any design or decoration that may be desired. The third web forms the interior or middle portion of the paper, and is preferably of a difierent color from the other webs, or from one of them.

' These separate webs are formed in any suitable manner, or by any suitable device, and while they are still moist are brought into juxtaposition or superimposed one upon another, so that the marked web forms the outer surface on one side of the paper, while the perforated web forms the outer surface on the other side of the paper. While in this condition the marked web and the middle web are sucked or drawn into the perforations of the perforated web, as a result of which the webs are very firmly united together, the marked and middle webs being sucked and locked into the perforated web. The three webs are then united into a single homogeneous sheet by pressure and heat. The middle or colored web may be dispensed Specification of Letters Patent.

1 present improved process.

Patented Mar. 21, 1911.

This application Serial No. 392,494.

with and an efiicient and still more economical safety paper will be the result.

The improved paper herein described'may be manufactured by any form of apparatus suitable for the purpose. In the accompanying drawings I have shown in a diagrammatic manner a form of apparatus which is well adapted for this purpose.

Figure 1 shows a cylinder machine and a Fourdrinier machine combined together,the

webs of the two machines being indicated in the course of operation for carrying out the Fig. 2 shows a portion of three-ply paper, the webs being I spread apart in the rear and the front edge invention comprises certain novel steps of f showing in cross-section the manner in which the webs are sucked into the perforations. In order that this may be made more clear the thickness of the webs has been greately exaggerated.

Referring to the drawings, 1 indicates the wire of the ordinary type of Fourdrinier machine, the usual dandy-roll 2 being arranged immediately above the same and provided with ornamental pattern or design 3. It is, of course, understood that the roll 2 in practice is made of wire netting, which pro-- duces fine transverse lines on the sheet passing beneath it, and the roll is further provided with circumferential wires which procluce longitudinal lines, the impression. of the plate or type 3 being additional to the said lines.

Any ordinary cylinder machine 4 is provided with the usual marking cylinders 5 and 6. The cylinder 5 is provided with ornamental patterns 7 7 projecting radially therefrom. The web portion 8, which is made upon the cylinder 5 is passed over the cylinder 6, and there is united with the web portion formed on the cylinder 6, which. lat ter web portion is preferably of a different color from the former. The patterns 7 upon the cylinder 5 produce perforations in the web formed upon that cylinder. The web 1 1 from the cylinder 6 and the perforated web from cylinder 5 are then brought together and pass around a suitable guiding roll 9 and then pass to a point just beneath the web 10 which is directed from the wire 1 of the Fourdrinier machine. The three Webs are thus brought into juxtaposition or superimposed one upon another, the marked web 10 lying on top of the middle web, and the perforated web lying on the bottom of the middle web. These three webs are brought into contact when they are in a moist condition. They are then passed over any suitable suction apparatus 13, which will draw or suck the marked web and the middle Web down into the perforations of the perforated Web, thus looking or joinmg the webs very firmly together. The webs are then passed between pressing rolls 11 and 11, and from the pressing rolls are passed about drying rolls 12, 12.

Referring to Fig. 2, the web 14; is shown sucked into the perforations 15 in the web 8. Portions of the Web 14 which are sucked into these perforations 15 are indicated by the numeral 16. This sucking action also causes the outer web 10 to have irregularities 17 extending into the web 14. Because of the portions of the web 14 which are sucked into the perforations 15, the webs are firmly secured and locked together and these locking portions not only prevent the webs from coming apart but make it practically impossible to make any changes or erasures on the paper without changing the character of the perforations.

Of course it is to be observed that while I have illustrated a detail mechanism for carrying out the present improved process, any suitable apparatus may be employed capable of uniting the webs of paper after the same have been provided with the desired decorations and impressions.

If desired, the middle web may be dispensed with, the marked web and the perforated web being brought together and united in the manner already explained,without any intervening web, in which case the cylinder 6 is dispensed with.

The various Webs of paper are made simultaneously and are brought into contact as already explained, the operation being continuous. The product is a single sheet of paper, homogeneous in character and strong and tenacious.

My invention secures marked advantages in the production of the safety paper and in the character and quality of the paper so produced. Papers with different line marks or water marks can be manufactured readily and economically and without loss of time. For example, in the particular machine shown in the drawings one dandy roll may be quickly and easily substituted in place of another, thereby changing the kind of marking or the water mark. A dandy roll is comparatively inexpensive, and one can be taken out and another slipped in without stopping the machine. The perforated design can be the same in all cases, and the same cylinder machine may thus be used in making the dilierent marks or varieties of paper. This produces great economy inasmuch as it is an expensive matter to make a cylinder machine with a new design. A cylinder machine is a large and cumbersome apparatus. Moreover, it is expensive to take out :1 cylinder of one design and substitute a cylinder of another design, and requires that the entire machine must be stopped, and consumes a considerable amount of time, something like six to eight hours. The present invention makes it possible to provide different customers, for example different banks, with safety papers which have a separate characteristic in each case, that is to say, a separate form of marking, so that each bank or customer has its or his peculiar design, and yet to do this without special expense.

The paper resulting from my improved process has certain marked advantages. By reason of the way in which it is made the marked web 10 may be made very thin. As a' result of this, it is more difficult to make any alteration or any erasure of any mark extending over the upper layer, without cutting through the same and so exposing the under layerand leading to detection. The paper has two characteristic markings, to wit, the line marking and the perforations. This combined effect makes it more diflicult to imitate the paper. The paper itself has a distinct appearance in that one side of it has marked depressions, which do not, however, interfere in any way with the strength or durability of the paper. On the contrary, these depressions are produced by the locking and projecting ofone web into another, which very firmly secures the webs together. These depressions themselves embody the characteristic mark which is cut out of the perforated layer. The safety quality of the paper is thus secured by purely mechanical means. The webs of the paper do not have to be treated, and are not treated in any chemical way so .as to assist in detection.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The herein described process of making safety paper which consists in forming a web of paper pulp, marking said Web while still moist with distinguishing marks, simultaneously forming a second web of paper, pulp, perforating the second web while still moist, laying the marked web upon the perforated web, sucking the marked web into the perforations of the perforated web, and uniting the webs in a single sheet by pressure and heat.

2. The herein described process of making safety paper which consists in forming three webs of paper pulp and simultaneously perforating one Web, line marking the second name to this specification, in the presence of Web, superposing said Webs on opposite two subscribing Witnesses.

sides of the third Web, suckin the other Webs into the perforations of the erforated WILLIS HOWES' Web, and unitingthe three Webs 111 a single Witnesses: sheet by pressure and heat. NM. BARRY OWEN,

In testimony whereof, I have signed my FREDK. W. MOORE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

